采空区矸石充填控制覆岩变形破坏机理研究.pdf
分类号TD325 密 级公 开 分类号TD325 密 级公 开 U D C 单位代码10424 U D C 单位代码10424 学学 位位 论论 文文 采空区矸石充填控制覆岩变形破坏机理 研究 采空区矸石充填控制覆岩变形破坏机理 研究 刘晓明 刘晓明 申请学位级别申请学位级别硕士学位硕士学位 专业名称专业名称工程力学工程力学 指导教师姓名指导教师姓名赵赵 同同 彬彬 职职 称称 副副 教教 授授 山 东 科 技 大 学 山 东 科 技 大 学 二○一七年六月二○一七年六月 万方数据 国家自然科学基金(国家自然科学基金(NO.51674160)) 论文题目论文题目 采空区矸石充填覆岩变形破坏机理研究采空区矸石充填覆岩变形破坏机理研究 作者姓名作者姓名 刘刘 晓晓 明明 入学时间入学时间 2014 年年 9 月月 专业名称专业名称 工程力学工程力学 研究方向研究方向 矿山岩石力学矿山岩石力学 指导教师指导教师 赵赵 同同 彬彬 职职 称称 副副 教教 授授 论文提交日期论文提交日期 2017 年年 6 月月 论文答辩日期论文答辩日期 2017 年年 6 月月 授予学位日期授予学位日期 2017 年年 6 月月 万方数据 STUDY ON GAGUE BACKFILL MINING MECHANISM OF OVERBURDEN ROCK DEATION AND FRACTURE A dissertation ted in fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of MASTER OF ENGINEERING from Shandong University of Science and Technology by Liu Xiaoming Supervisor ProfessorZhao Tongbin College of Mining and Safety Engineering June 2017 万方数据 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文,除所列参考文献和世所公 认的文献外,全部是本人攻读学位期间在导师指导下的研究成果。除文中已经 标明引用的内容外,本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研 究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体,均已在文中以明确方式标明。 本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。 本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文,除所列参考文献和世所公 认的文献外,全部是本人攻读学位期间在导师指导下的研究成果。除文中已经 标明引用的内容外,本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研 究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体,均已在文中以明确方式标明。 本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。 若有不实之处,本人愿意承担相关法律责任。若有不实之处,本人愿意承担相关法律责任。 硕士生签名硕士生签名 日日 期期 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解山东科技大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,同意本人所 撰写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理。 本人完全了解山东科技大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,同意本人所 撰写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理。 作为申请学位的条件之一,学校有权保留学位论文并向国家有关部门或其作为申请学位的条件之一,学校有权保留学位论文并向国家有关部门或其 指定机构送交论文的电子版和纸质版;有权将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入指定机构送交论文的电子版和纸质版;有权将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入 有关数据库发表,并可以以电子、网络及其他数字媒体形式公开出版;允许学有关数据库发表,并可以以电子、网络及其他数字媒体形式公开出版;允许学 校档案馆和图书馆保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版,可以使用影印、缩印或扫校档案馆和图书馆保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版,可以使用影印、缩印或扫 描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文;为教学和科研目的,学校档案馆和图书馆描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文;为教学和科研目的,学校档案馆和图书馆 可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内 师生阅读、浏览。师生阅读、浏览。 (保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权)(保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权) 硕士生签名硕士生签名 导师签名导师签名 日日 期期 日日 期期 万方数据 学位论文审查认定书学位论文审查认定书 研究生研究生 在规定的学习年限内,按照培养方案及个人培养计 划,完成了课程学习,成绩合格,修满规定学分;在我的指导下完成本学位论 文,论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同,论文撰写格式符合学校的 相关规定,同意将本论文作为申请学位论文。 在规定的学习年限内,按照培养方案及个人培养计 划,完成了课程学习,成绩合格,修满规定学分;在我的指导下完成本学位论 文,论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同,论文撰写格式符合学校的 相关规定,同意将本论文作为申请学位论文。 导师签名导师签名 日日 期期 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 摘要 I 摘 要 摘 要 随着我国煤矿高强度、粗放式开采,因煤层开采造成的煤矸石占压土地、 地表建筑物损害等问题越来越突出。矸石充填开采技术是绿色采矿的重要发展 方向,不仅可以解决煤柱回收与地面矸石堆放问题,还可以控制地表移动变形。 矸石充填开采覆岩变形破坏机理的研究对充填开采推广应用至关重要。为此, 本文综合采用室内试验、数值模拟、理论分析和现场探测相结合方法,揭示了 采空区充填开采控制覆岩变形破坏机理。主要结论如下 (1)系统研究充填矸石物理力学特性,通过室内压缩试验测试获得了矸压 实特性及流变特性。研究得出矸石的应力-压缩率曲线整体上呈现对数规律分 布,矸石变形模量与应力近似为线性关系,变形模量随着应力的增大而不断增 大。 (2)采用 FLAC3D 数值模拟方法,对比研究了充填开采覆岩应力分布及 变形破坏规律,揭示了充填开采覆岩动态损伤演化规律。采空区矸石充填对控 制覆岩变形破坏有重要作用,采用充填开采后覆岩塑性破坏高度降低达 63。 顶板沉降量约占传统综采的 60。充填体压缩过程中产生反作用力给围岩,改 善了围岩的应力状态从而提高了围岩自身强度及承载能力,减缓了矿压显现程 度。 (3)通过建立薄板力学模型,考虑了充填矸石对顶板的支撑反力,推导了 充填矸石对覆岩变形的挠曲面方程,揭示了采空区矸石充填控制覆岩变形破坏 机理。并利用简化的弹性地基梁理论分析走向剖面岩层移动变形问题,并对影 响覆岩变形效果的弹性地基系数、充填体欠接顶量进行了定量分析。 (4)在矸石充填开采顶板沉降及覆岩变形破裂连续监测的基础上,分析了 充填开采顶板沉降规律及覆岩变形破坏特征。 实测顶板沉降值约占采高的 12, 工作面煤壁后方 20m 后顶板下沉接近最大值。随着工作面推进,上覆岩层出现 破裂离层现象,覆岩裂隙发育高度约占采高的 6 倍。研究表明采空区采用矸石 充填后,充填体通过阻止下部顶板的变形和位移限制了覆岩的进一步移动。 关键词关键词矸石充填;覆岩变形;岩层破裂;薄板弯曲;力学机理 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 ABSTRACT II ABSTRACT With Chinas coal mine high-intensity, extensive mining, due to coal mining caused by coal gangue occupied land, land collapse, surface damage and other issues more and more prominent. Gangue filling and mining technology is an important development direction of green mining, not only can solve the problem of coal pillar recycling and surface gangue stacking, but also can control the surface movement deation. Study on the mechanism of deation and failure of overburden in waste rock filling and mining is of great importance to the popularization and application of filling and mining In this paper, the of indoor experiment, numerical simulation, theoretical analysis and field detection is used to reveal the deation and failure mechanism of overburden in the goaf. The main conclusions are as follows 1 The physical and mechanical properties of the charged waste rock and the deation characteristics of the roof were studied systematically. The compaction characteristics and rheological properties were obtained by the indoor compression test. The results show that the stress-compression ratio curve of the gangue is logarithmic and the deation modulus and stress are similar to the linear relationship. The deation modulus increases with the increase of the stress. 2 Based on the FLAC3D numerical simulation , the stress distribution and deation and failure of the overburden are studied, and the dynamic damage evolution law of overlying strata is revealed. The waste rock filling in the goaf has an important role in controlling the deation and failure of the overburden, and the height of the overburden is reduced by 63 after filling and mining. Roof settlement of about 60 of the traditional mining. During the compression of the 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 ABSTRACT III filling body, the reaction force is generated to the surrounding rock, which improves the stress state of the surrounding rock and improves the strength and bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, and slows down the development of the strata. 3 Through the establishment of the thin plate mechanics model, the supporting reaction force of the gangue to the roof is taken into account, and the deflection surface equation of the overlaying deation of the gangue is deduced, and the mechanism of the deation and failure of the overburden in the goaf is revealed. And the problem of the deation and deation of the strata is analyzed by using the simplified elastic foundation beam theory. The elastic foundation coefficient and the underfill volume of the overburden are analyzed quantitatively. 4 Based on the continuous monitoring of the roof settlement and the overburden deation and rupture of the gangue filling and mining, the settlement law of the roof and the deation and failure characteristics of the overburden are analyzed. The settlement value of the measured roof is about 12 of the height of the roof, and the roof subsidence is close to the maximum at 20m behind the coal face. With the development of the working face, the overlying strata appeared to break the layer, and the height of the fractured rock was about 6 times higher than that of the mining height. It is shown that the filling body limits the further movement of the overburden by preventing the deation and displacement of the lower roof. KeywordsGange backfilling mining; Deation of overlying strata; Rock burst; Thin plate bending; Mechanics mechanism 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 目录 IV 目 录 目 录 1 绪论绪论 ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究的背景和意义 ................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ..................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 主要研究内容及技术路线 .................................................................................................. 4 2 充填矸石压实特性测试充填矸石压实特性测试 ....................................................................................... 6 2.1 矸石充填采煤工艺介绍 ....................................................................................................... 6 2.2 充填矸石物理力学性质 ....................................................................................................... 7 2.3 矸石充填体作用机理 .......................................................................................................... 15 2.4 本章小结 ................................................................................................................................. 20 3 矸石充填覆岩变形破坏规律研究矸石充填覆岩变形破坏规律研究 ..................................................................... 22 3.1 矸石充填覆岩变形破坏数值模拟分析 ........................................................................ 22 3.2 矸石充填采煤覆岩变形破坏特征 .................................................................................. 36 3.3 矸石充填顶板变形破坏机制分析 .................................................................................. 38 3.4 本章小结 ................................................................................................................................. 39 4 矸石充填控制覆岩变形机理分析矸石充填控制覆岩变形机理分析 ..................................................................... 40 4.1 充填开采覆岩变形薄板力学模型 .................................................................................. 40 4.2 充填开采覆岩变形弹性地基梁模型 ............................................................................. 48 4.3 充填开采覆岩控制影响因素分析 .................................................................................. 49 4.4 本章小结 ................................................................................................................................. 51 5 矸石充填覆岩变形控制效果监测研究矸石充填覆岩变形控制效果监测研究 ............................................................. 52 5.1 工作面地质采矿条件 ....................................................................................... 52 5.2 采空区顶板沉降测试分析 ............................................................................... 54 5.3 矸石充填开采覆岩破坏探测 ........................................................................... 58 5.4 地表监测效果分析 ........................................................................................... 64 5.5 本章小结 ........................................................................................................... 65 6 结论与展望结论与展望 ......................................................................................................... 66 6.1 主要结论 ................................................................................................................................. 66 6.2 创新点 ...................................................................................................................................... 67 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 目录 V 6.3 不足与展望 ............................................................................................................................. 67 参考文献参考文献 ................................................................................................................... 68 致谢致谢 ........................................................................................................................... 74 攻读硕士期间主要成果和获奖情况攻读硕士期间主要成果和获奖情况 ....................................................................... 75 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 Contents VI Contents 1 Introdution ........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Research background and meaning of problem ...................................................................... 1 1.2 Progress of bedding separation research in roadway .............................................................. 2 1.3 Main research content and technology roadmap .................................................................... 4 2 The Gangue Compaction Characteristic Test ................................................... 6 2.1 Waste rock filling mining technique introduction ..................................................................... 6 2.2 Filling gangue physical and mechanical properties ................................................................... 7 2.3 Waste rock filling mechanism ................................................................................................... 15 2.4 The summary of this chapter..................................................................................................... 20 3 The Law of the Deation and Damage of Strata of Backfill Mining ...... 22 3.1 The numerical simulation analysis of waste rock filling strata deation and destruction22 3.2 The characteristics of the deation and damage of gangue filling and coal mining ....... 36 3.3 Analysis of waste rock filling roof deation and failure mechanism ............................... 38 3.4 The summary of this chapter ................................................................................................ 39 4 Waste Rock Filling Control Strata Deation Mechanism Analysis ........ 40 4.1 Filling mining strata deation lamella mechanics model ................................................ 40 4.2 Strata deation of beam on elastic foundation model ..................................................... 48 4.3 Filling mining control effect analysis ................................................................................... 49 4.4 The summary of this chapter ................................................................................................ 51 5 Waste Rock Filling Effect of Overburden Rock Deation Control Monitoring Research ............................................................................................... 52 5.1 Mining geological and mining conditions ............................................................................ 52 5.2 Roof subsidence test analysis in goaf ................................................................................... 54 5.3 Waste rock filling mining strata damage detection ............................................................... 58 5.4 Surface monitoring effect analysis ....................................................................................... 64 5.5 The summary of this chapter ................................................................................................ 65 6 Conclusion and Prospect ................................................................................... 66 6.1 The main conclusion ............................................................................................................. 66 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 Contents VII 6.2 The innovation points ........................................................................................................... 67 6.3 Insufficient and prospect ....................................................................................................... 67 Reference ............................................................................................