爆破动载下锚固岩体损伤特性研究.pdf

工程硕士专业学位论文 爆破动载下锚固岩体损伤特性研究 Study on Damage Characteristics of Anchored Rock Mass under Blasting Dynamic Load 作者朱亚州 导师许兴亮 副教授 中国矿业大学 二○一九年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书。 作者签名导师签名 年月日年月日 万方数据 中图分类号TD3学校代码10290 UDC622密级公开 中国矿业大学 工程硕士学位论文 爆破动载下锚固岩体损伤特性研究 Study on Roadway Accumulation Damage under Blast Loading 作者朱亚州导师许兴亮副教授 申请学位 工程硕士专业学位培养单位矿业工程学院 学科专业矿业工程研究方向 岩石力学与岩层控制 答辩委员会主席 李桂臣教授评 阅 人盲审 二○一九年五月 万方数据 致致谢谢 不觉间，在矿大的两年研究生生涯，再这两年的学习过程中，我收获了很多 东西，也学到了很多东西，即收获了友情，也收获到了知识，在此提交毕业论文 之际，首先容许我表达对导师许兴亮教授深深的感激之情 首先本文从选题阶段就得到了许兴亮老师的悉心指导， 给我讲解了论文的纲 要以及需要准备的工作， 我仍记忆犹新的是在课题组会议上许老师给我们这一届 的学生详细讲解了每人的选题以及在哪些方面的创新，在论文的后期写作、修改 中许兴亮老师也倾注了大量的时间和心血，师从许老师期间，对我印象最深刻的 方面是许老师对我们在人生方面的教导，许老师在校期间，帮助我树立了正确的 人生观，我也从许老师身上学到了到社会上以后怎样与人交流，我从许老师为人 处世方面学到的最主要的东西就是要待人真诚。同时许老师渊博的知识、严谨的 态度、认真负责的精神给我留下了深刻的印象，是我今后学习的榜样。在此，我 再一次向许老师表达深深的敬意。同时在论文写作中，周围的师兄弟给了我极大 的帮助，尤其是田素川师兄在论文的写作中给了我很多的指导及建议，同学王业 恒等也在写作中都给予了很大的帮助，在此对他们致以最真挚的感谢。 我要再次感谢曾经教过我的每一位老师和在生活学习上真心关心帮助我的 每一位同学们，是你们让我学到了做人的道理，让我学到了很多知识。今后我要 在矿大期间所学到知识和为人处世的原则将其以后的岗位上， 将把好的工作表现 来回报祖国、回报每一个帮助过我的人，最后感谢各位专家、教授在如此繁忙的 时间之中评审本论文，由于学术水平有限，且时间比较短暂，文中疏漏和不足之 处难免存在，恳请各位专家、教授批评指正 万方数据 I 摘摘要要 在巷道爆破开挖工程领域，为了使爆破成巷达到预期效果，改善锚固岩体受 爆破动载影响的应力状态，提高工程的稳定性，进行爆破动载下锚固岩体损伤特 性的研究具有极其重要的意义。由于施工进度的要求，经常需要爆破作业与巷道 支护作业交替进行，巷道爆破开挖又不可避免的会对锚固系统产生影响。经分析 研究， 爆破动载对锚固系统的影响存在影响范围区；在区域内研究锚固岩体动态 损伤情况，通过合理优化参数，可以增加巷道的使用寿命。 本文主要通过理论分析、 数值模拟和工程实测的方法分析爆破动载对锚固岩 体动态损伤的影响。通过理论分析将受到爆破动载影响下的围岩进行分区；利用 ANSYS 软件模拟围岩裂隙扩展情况，从而探究裂隙扩展规律；运用应力波理论 通过波势函数展开法研究锚固系统在平面简谐波作用下的动态响应， 并分析了锚 固岩体静、动载条件下的应力状态；利用数值模拟软件分析研究了一次爆破与微 差爆破对锚固岩体产生损伤的影响因素，模拟循环爆破来探究锚固岩体累积损 伤；通过工程实测验证了理论与模拟的可行性。通过三种研究方法，取得的认识 和结论如下 （1）通过模拟巷道断面炮孔爆破时的裂隙扩展过程，得出了炮孔之间裂隙 发育情况，揭示了围岩裂隙扩展规律。 （2）利用极坐标工具分析出在入射波与锚固系统夹角呈0和180时正应力 值最大，在夹角呈 90和 270时正应力值最小；轴向、径向和切向正应力中轴向 正应力的值最小。 （3）通过分析预应力与锚固系统之间的相互作用，得出预应力在锚固系统 中力的传递规律；预应力的作用下使得锚固体-锚杆界面及周围岩体拉应力作用 较强，在爆破动载的作用下该区域易受影响产生损伤或破坏。 （4）利用 ANSYS 软件模拟了一次爆破与微差爆破作用下锚固岩体损伤模 型， 得出巷道顶板锚固岩体受到的应力较大；通过探究锚固岩体损伤随距巷道表 面距离、应力大小和质点振动速度之间的关系，得到损伤与距离呈非线性递减关 系，损伤与应力和质点振动速度呈非线性递增关系的性质。 （5）以园子沟煤矿作为工程背景， 在西翼二号回风大巷进行工程爆破作业， 利用 RSM-SY5 声波测试仪检测数据，研究发现循环爆破作用下锚固岩体的累积 损伤并不是简单的损伤叠加；损伤与爆破次数之间存在非线增长关系，但是随着 工作面的推进损伤增长速率逐渐减小。 论文共有图 48 幅，表 13 个，参考文献 85 篇。 关键词关键词爆破动载；锚固岩体；累积损伤；数值模拟 万方数据 II Abstract In the field of roadway blasting excavation engineering, in order to achieve the expected effect of blasting into the roadway, improve the stress state of the anchored rock mass affected by the blasting dynamic load, improve the stability of the project, and analyze the damage characteristics of the anchored rock mass under the blasting dynamic load. Extremely important. Due to the requirements of construction schedule, it is often necessary to alternate the blasting operation and the roadway support operation. The blasting excavation of the roadway will inevitably affect the anchoring system. After analysis and research, the influence of the blasting dynamic load on the anchoring system has an impact area. The dynamic damage of anchored rock mass is studied in the area. The damage degree of surrounding rock is reduced by reasonable optimization of blasting and support parameters, and the applicable service life of the roadway is increased. In this paper, the effects of blasting dynamic load on the dynamic damage of anchored rock mass are analyzed by theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and engineering measurement. Through the theoretical analysis, the surrounding rock under the influence of blasting dynamic load is divided; theANSYS software is used to simulate the crack propagation of surrounding rock to explore the law of crack propagation; the stress wave theory is used to study the simple harmonic of the anchoring system in the plane by the wave potential function expansion . The dynamic response under the action, and the stress state under the static and dynamic conditions of the anchored rock mass are analyzed. The factors affecting the damage of the anchored rock mass by one blasting and millisecond blasting are analyzed by numerical simulation software. The cumulative damage of anchored rock mass is explored; the feasibility of theory and simulation is verified by engineering measurements. Through three research s, the understanding and conclusions obtained are as follows 1 The crack propagation process during the blasting of the simulated tunnel section, the crack development between the blastholes is obtained, and the crack propagation law of the surrounding rock is revealed. 2 Using the polar coordinate tool to analyze the maximum normal stress value when the angle between the incident wave and the anchoring system is 0 and 180, and the minimum normal stress value when the angle is 90and 270; the 万方数据 III axial and radial directions are The value of the axial normal stress in the tangential normal stress is the smallest. 3 By analyzing the interaction between the prestressing and the anchoring system, the force transfer law of the prestress in the anchoring system is obtained; under the action of the prestressing, the tensile stress at the anchor-anchor interface and the surrounding rock mass is stronger. Under the action of blasting dynamic load, the area is susceptible to damage or damage caused by dynamic loads. 4 Using ANSYS software to simulate the damage model of anchored rock mass under the action of one blasting and millisecond blasting, it is concluded that the anchorage rock mass of the roadway roof is subjected to large stress; by exploring the distance between the anchoring rock mass and the surface distance of the roadway, the stress and The relationship between the vibration velocity of the particle, the nonlinear relationship between the damage and the distance is obtained, and the damage and stress and the vibration velocity of the particle are nonlinearly increasing. 5 Taking the Yuanzigou coal mine as the engineering background, the engineering blasting operation was carried out in the west wing of the No. 2 return airway. The data was detected by the RSM-SY5 acoustic wave tester. It was found that the cumulative damage of the anchored rock mass under the cyclic blasting is not simple. The damage superposition; there is a non-linear growth relationship between the damage and the number of blasting, but the growth rate decreases with the advancement of the working surface. The paper has 48 pictures, 13 tables and 85 references. Keywordsblasting dynamicload;anchoringrockmass;cumulative damage; peripheral hole blasting 万方数据 IV 目录目录 摘摘要要............................................................................................................................ I 目录目录............................................................................................................................. IV 图清单图清单...................................................................................................................... VIII 表清单表清单......................................................................................................................... XI 变量注释表变量注释表................................................................................................................XII 1 绪论绪论............................................................................................................................1 1.1 研究背景及意义.....................................................................................................1 1.2 国内外研究现状.....................................................................................................3 1.3 主要研究内容和方法及技术路线.........................................................................7 2 爆爆破动破动载载下围岩下围岩破坏破坏机理及机理及岩体损伤岩体损伤特性分析特性分析....................................................9 2.1 爆破动载下围岩破坏机理分析.............................................................................9 2.2 岩石爆破损伤模型研究.......................................................................................16 2.3 爆破动载下巷道围岩损伤研究...........................................................................19 2.4 本章小结...............................................................................................................22 3 爆破动载对锚固系统力学性质的影响爆破动载对锚固系统力学性质的影响..................................................................23 3.1 静载荷作用下锚固岩体应力状态.......................................................................23 3.2 爆破载荷作用下锚固岩体应力状态...................................................................33 3.3 锚固岩体动态损伤判据.......................................................................................37 3.4 本章小结...............................................................................................................39 4 爆破动载下锚固岩体损伤数值模拟分析爆破动载下锚固岩体损伤数值模拟分析..............................................................40 4.1 LS-DYNA 程序概述............................................................................................. 40 4.2 设置模型参数.......................................................................................................41 4.3 巷道爆破数值模拟分析.......................................................................................43 4.4 巷道断面周边孔爆破数值模拟...........................................................................56 4.5 本章小结...............................................................................................................61 5 循环爆破工程实践循环爆破工程实践..................................................................................................62 5.1 声波检测仪器的选用...........................................................................................62 5.2 巷道支护与爆破作业规程...................................................................................63 5.3 围岩损伤检测方案及数据分析...........................................................................65 万方数据 V 5.4 本章小结...............................................................................................................68 6 结论与展望结论与展望..............................................................................................................69 6.1 结论.......................................................................................................................69 6.2 展望.......................................................................................................................70 参考文献参考文献......................................................................................................................71 作者简历作者简历......................................................................................................................76 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明..................................................................................................77 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集..........................................................................................................78 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract.......................................................................................................................II 目录目录............................................................................................................................. IV Contents......................................................................................................................VI List of Figures..........................................................................................................VIII List of Tables...............................................................................................................XI List of Variables........................................................................................................XII 1 Introduction...............................................................................................................1 1.1 Topic background and significance..........................................................................1 1.2 Research Status at Home and Abroad......................................................................3 1.3 Research Content and Technology Roadmap...........................................................7 2 Failure mechanism of surrounding rock and analysis of rock mass damage characteristics under blasting dynamic load............................................................. 9 2.1Analysis of failure mechanism of surrounding rock under blasting dynamic load..9 2.2 Research on Rock Blasting Damage Model...........................................................16 2.3 Study on surrounding rock damage of roadway under blasting load.....................19 2.4 Summary of this chapter.........................................................................................22 3 Effect of blasting dynamic load on mechanical properties of anchorage system23 3.1 Stress state ofAnchorage rock body under static load...........................................23 3.2 Stress state ofAnchorage rock body under blasting load.......................................33 3.3 Dynamic damage criterion ofAnchorage rock mass..............................................37 3.4 Summary of this chapter.........................................................................................39 4 Numerical simulation analysis of Anchorage Rock mass damage under blasting dynamic load...............................................................................................................40 4.1 LS-DYNAProgram Overview...............................................................................40 4.2 Setting model parameters.......................................................................................41 4.3Numerical simulation analysis of roadway blasting................................................43 4.4 Numerical simulation of hole blasting around roadway section............................56 4.5 Summary of this chapter.........................................................................................61 5 Practice of circulating blasting engineering..........................................................62 万方数据 VII 5.1 Selection of acoustic detection instruments...........................................................62 5.2 Code for roadway support and blasting operations................................................63 5.3 Detection scheme and data analysis of surrounding rock damage.........................65 5.4 Summary of this chapter.........................................................................................68 6 Conclusion and Outlook......................................................................................... 69 6.1 Conclusion..............................................................................................................69 6.2 Outlook...................................................................................................................70 References..................................................................................