深部巷道复合围岩变形特性与耦合控制技术研究.pdf

硕士学位论文 深部巷道复合围岩变形特性与耦合控制技术研究 Study on Deation Characteristics and Coupled Control Technology of Compound Surrounding Rock of Deep Roadway 作者张帆舸 导师韩立军 教授 中国矿业大学 二○一四年五月 中图分类号TD353学校代码10290 UDC624密级公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 深部巷道复合围岩变形特性与耦合控制技术研究 Study on Deation Characteristics and Coupled Control Technology of Compound Surrounding Rock of Deep Roadway 作者张帆舸导师韩立军教授 申请学位工学硕士培养单位 力学与建筑工程学院 学科专业岩土工程研究方向岩石力学与工程 答辩委员会主席朱珍德评 阅 人朱珍德、陈坤福 二○一四年五月 114 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 本人郑重声明所呈交的学位论文深部巷道复合围岩变形特性与耦合控制技术研 究，是本人在导师指导下，在中国矿业大学攻读学位期间进行的研究工作所取得的成果。 据我所知，除文中已经标明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或 撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。 本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。 学位论文作者签名 年 月 日 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰写的学位 论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一，学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位论文的部 分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版，可以使用影 印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和科研目的，学校档案馆和图 书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅 读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名导师签名 年月日年月日 论文审阅认定书论文审阅认定书 研究生张帆舸在规定的学习年限内，按照研究生培养方案的要求， 完成了研究生课程的学习，成绩合格；在我的指导下完成本学位论文,经审阅， 论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同，论文撰写格式符合学校的相 关规定，同意将本论文作为学位申请论文送专家评审。 导师签字 年月日 致致 谢谢 本论文是在韩立军教授的悉心指导下完成的，没有韩立军教授的指导、鼓励及资金上 的大力支持，论文是不可能得以顺利完成的。从师三年，在科研和做人上均收获颇丰。韩 老师优秀的做人品质，严谨的治学态度，开拓创新的精神，高屋建瓴把握全局的能力，忘 我的工作精神给学生树立起潜移默化的典范作用，同时也是导师传授给学生最宝贵的财 富。生活上导师亦给予学生无私的关心和帮助，此恩此情学生今生将永远铭记于心。在此， 谨向我的导师致以崇高的敬意和衷心的感谢。 感谢师母夏佩丽女士在生活上所给予的帮助和关心。 感谢师弟聂军委、丁宇以及同学官强硕士、刘先观硕士、荆玉明硕士在相似模拟试验 过程中的大力帮助。在此表示衷心感谢 最后，还要感谢我的父母，感谢他们对我每一次选择的理解和支持，使我得以按照自 己既定的人生航线前进。 感谢各位专家、教授在百忙之中对论文的审阅和赐教。 I 摘摘要要 深部巷道复合围岩是由各薄岩层构成的复合岩体，由于围岩赋存条件和应力环境的复 杂性，普通的锚喷支护很容易失效，巷道难以维护。本论文围绕深部巷道复合围岩的变形 破坏演化过程和特性， 并以安徽省淮南市朱集西煤矿深部工程为背景， 综合运用理论分析、 数值模拟、相似材料模型试验等手段，对深部巷道复合围岩变形特性与耦合控制技术进行 了系统的研究，以揭示深部巷道矿压显现规律及复合围岩的稳定性演化规律，分析研究深 部巷道复合围岩变形破坏特点与变形破坏机理，最终提出相应的巷道耦合控制技术与对 策。 论文获得了以下主要研究成果 （1）通过实验室岩样试验确定了朱集西矿岩体的物理力学基本参数，为数值模拟和 相似模型试验研究提供了数据参考。 （2）根据单因素试验方法，通过对深部巷道复合围岩的变形破坏规律和特性的数值 模拟，分析得出了埋深、侧压力系数和岩体弱化条件对巷道复合围岩变形破坏的影响。结 果表明，巷道埋深水平的增加对巷道围岩的变形量和围岩破坏深度的影响较大；围岩的破 坏形式的变化受垂直于巷道走向的水平应力与垂直应力的比值的影响较大；岩体弱化条件 对巷道的破坏深度和变形量影响均较大。 （3）提取不同计算平衡步下的巷道围岩变形破坏应力、应变和塑性破坏区分布，分 析得到深部巷道复合围岩在无支护作用下的围岩破裂发展的基本规律和变形特性，也为耦 合控制方案的提出提供了依据。 （4）对深部复合围岩在不同支护参数下围岩变形破坏的数值模拟，分析得出不同支 护参数下的支护结构对围岩的控制作用特点；在耦合控制理论和数值模拟的基础上结合支 护参数公式计算，提出了深部巷道复合围岩的耦合控制技术方案，即方案一预留变形 锚网喷初次支护全断面高强度格栅拱架混凝土结构与预应力锚索二次支护二次注浆加 固，方案二预留变形锚网喷初次支护U 型钢支架与预应力锚索二次支护二次注浆加 固，以保证深部巷道围岩的稳定。 （5）针对深部巷道复合围岩耦合控制技术方案，采用数值模拟的方法研究其变形和 受力特点，并利用实验室相似材料模型试验对方案二进行试验模拟，通过对数值模拟和形 似材料模型试验结果的分析，得出了围岩在支护方案下的塑性破坏区范围明显变小，应力 集中程度减小，围岩表面收敛变形减小，分析证明耦合控制方案能明显改善围岩状态，维 持巷道的长期稳定。 该论文有图 89 幅，表 6 个，参考文献 87 篇。 关键词关键词深部巷道；复合围岩；变形特性；耦合控制；相似模型 II Abstract Compound surrouding rock of deep roadway is constituted by many thin rock ations. Because of the complexity of existing conditions and stress environment of the surrounding, general combined support with bolt wire cable and shotcrete shotcrete support is very easy to fail, and the roadways are difficult to maintain. Around the deation and failure evolution and characteristics of compound surrouding rock of deep roadway, and within the context of the deep engineering in Zhuji West coal mine in Anhui Huainan City, using acombination of theoretical analysis s, numerical simulation, similar material model test and so on, this paper systematically study on the deation characteristics and coupled control technology of compound surrouding rock of deep roadway, to reveal the strata behaviors laws of deep mine roadway and the stability evolution laws of the compound surrouding rock, and analysis the deation failure characteristics and mechanism of compoud surrouding rock of deep roadways, eventually propose the appropriate corresponding coupled contro technology and countermeasures. The main contents and conclusions are as follows （1）Through rock samples testing in the laboratory, this paper gets the basic physical and mechanical parameters, they also provide data reference for the numerical simulation and similar model experimental study. （2）By the numerical simulations of the deation failure laws and characteristics of surrouding rock of deep roadways, based on the single factor test , the analysis has concluded that how the burial depth, lateral pressure coefficient and rock weakening conditions to effect the deation and breakage depth of the surrounding rocks. The results show that increasing levels of roadway depth has a big effect on the deation and breakage depth of the surrounding rocks. The distribution of plastic areas of the surrounding rocks is heavily affected by the ratio of the horizontal stress which is perpendicular to the strike of the roadway to the vertical stress. The rock weakening conditions also have a big effect on the amount of breakage depth and deation of the surrounding rocks. （3）Extracting the strains, stresses and plastic areas distribution of the surrounding rocks with no supporting under different stress balance calculation step, this paper analyzes the basic law of the fracture propagation and the deation characteristics of the surrounding rocks. This also provides reference for the coupled control technology. （4）Numerical simulation of the deation and failure of the compound surrounding rock under different support parameters reveals the controlling impact characteristics of the supporting structure under different support parameters. With ulas and on the basis of III coupled control theory and numerical simulation, the coupled control technology solutions of the compound surrouding rocks of deep roadways are provided, support one reserved deation initial support of bolt net and spraying full-face high-strength steel-concrete grid structure with prestressed anchors secondary grouting, support two reserved deation initial support of bolt net and spraying U-shaped steel support bracket and prestressed anchor secondary grouting, to ensure the stability of the surrounding rock. （5） To study the deation and mechanical characteristics of the compound surrounding rock under coupled control support, this paper uses the numerical simulation and the similar material model test under support two. The results of the numerical simulation and similar material model test show that the plastic areas of the surrounding rocks under coupled control support significantly ture smaller and the stress concentration is weaken, the convergence deation of the rock surface decreases. Analysis proves that coupled control surpport scheme can significantly improve the state of surrounding rock, maintaining the long-term stability of roadway. The paper includes 89 figures, 6 tables and 87 references. Keywords deep roadway; compound surrouding rock; deation characteristics; coupled control; similar model IV 目目录录 摘摘要要..............................................................................................................................................I 目目录录...........................................................................................................................................IV 图清单图清单........................................................................................................................................VIII 表清单表清单........................................................................................................................................XIII 变量注释表变量注释表................................................................................................................................XIV 1 绪论绪论............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 问题的提出.......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状.................................................................................................................. 2 1.3 主要研究内容及方法.......................................................................................................... 6 1.4 技术路线.............................................................................................................................. 7 1.5 研究目标.............................................................................................................................. 7 2 深部巷道复合围岩变形特性研究深部巷道复合围岩变形特性研究.............................................................................................8 2.1 FLAC3D 简介....................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 数值分析模型的建立.......................................................................................................... 9 2.3 数值模拟结果分析............................................................................................................ 16 2.5 小结.................................................................................................................................... 29 3 深部软岩巷道耦合控制深部软岩巷道耦合控制技术初步分析技术初步分析...................................................................................31 3.1 耦合控制的概念................................................................................................................ 31 3.2 耦合控制的基本特征........................................................................................................ 31 3.3 耦合控制的基本思路........................................................................................................ 32 3.4 耦合控制的机理分析........................................................................................................ 33 3.5 耦合控制的过程................................................................................................................ 36 3.6 小结.................................................................................................................................... 37 4 深部复合围岩巷道耦合控制技术研究深部复合围岩巷道耦合控制技术研究...................................................................................38 4.1 巷道支护参数初步设计.................................................................................................... 38 4.2 最佳支护时间的确定........................................................................................................ 42 4.3 深部复合围岩巷道耦合控制技术分析............................................................................ 42 4.4 小结.................................................................................................................................... 78 5 深部巷道复合围岩耦合控制技术的相似模型试验深部巷道复合围岩耦合控制技术的相似模型试验...............................................................80 V 5.1 相似模拟原理.................................................................................................................... 80 5.2 相似试验模型设计............................................................................................................ 81 5.3 试验结果分析.................................................................................................................... 98 5.4 小结.................................................................................................................................. 105 6 结论及建议结论及建议............................................................................................................................. 107 6.1 主要结论.......................................................................................................................... 107 6.2 建议.................................................................................................................................. 107 参考文献参考文献..................................................................................................................................... 109 作者简历作者简历..................................................................................................................................... 113 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明.................................................................................................................114 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集......................................................................................................................... 115 VI Contents Abstract......................................................................................................................................... II Contents........................................................................................................................................VI List of Figures...........................................................................................................................VIII List of Tables.............................................................................................................................XIII List of Variables........................................................................................................................XIV 1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Presentation of Problem.........................................................................................................1 1.2 Present Research Status at Home and Abroad.......................................................................2 1.3 Main Research Contents and ....................................................................................6 1.4 Technology Roadmap............................................................................................................7 1.5 Research Objectives...............................................................................................................7 2 Study on Deation Characteristics of Compound Surrounding Rock of Deep Roadway......................................................................................................................................... 8 2.1 Brief Introduction of FLAC3D..............................................................................................8 2.2 Building of Numerical Simulation Model.............................................................................9 2.3 Results Analysis of Numerical Simulation..........................................................................16 2.5 Conclusions..........................................................................................................................29 3 Preliminary Analysis of Coupled Control of Deep Soft Roadway....................................... 31 3.1 Concept of Coupled Control................................................................................................31 3.2 Basic Features of Coupled Control......................................................................................31 3.3 Basic Thinking of Coupled Control.....................................................................................32 3.4 Mechanism Analysis of Coupled Control............................................................................33 3.5 Process of Coupled Control...........................................................