柔模似膏体充填开采沿空留巷技术应用研究.pdf

学 位 论 文 独 创 性 说 明 本人郑重声明 所呈交的学位论文是我个人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及其取得 研究成果。尽我所知，除了文中加以标注和致谢的地方外，论文中不包含其他人或集体 已经公开发表或撰写过的研究成果， 也不包含为获得西安科技大学或其他教育机构的学 位或证书所使用过的材料。 与我一同工作的同志对本研究所做的任何贡献均已在论文中 做了明确的说明并表示了谢意。 学位论文作者签名 日期 学 位 论 文 知 识 产 权 声 明 书 本人完全了解学校有关保护知识产权的规定，即研究生在校攻读学位期间论文工 作的知识产权单位属于西安科技大学。 学校有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文 的复印件和电子版。本人允许论文被查阅和借阅。学校可以将本学位论文的全部或部分 内容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学 位论文。同时本人保证，毕业后结合学位论文研究课题再撰写的文章一律注明作者单位 为西安科技大学。 保密论文待解密后适用本声明。 学位论文作者签名 指导教师签名 年 月 日 万方数据 万方数据 论文题目柔模似膏体充填开采沿空留巷技术应用研究 专 业桥梁与隧道工程 硕 士 生魏 朝 签名 指导老师王晓利 签名 摘 要 近些年，随着充填采煤和沿空留巷技术的发展，在综采工作面后方采空区充填作业 的同时沿回采巷道一侧通过提高巷旁充填体强度和巷内加强支护来维护巷道， 即在综采 工作面充填开采的同时保留进入巷道。 综采工作面充填开采沿空留巷技术是煤矿开采技 术的一项重大创新，显示出了其巨大的技术、经济社会效益的优势。论文综述了国内充 填开采沿空留巷的研究现状，可知国内对于充填开采沿空留巷的支护设计方法研究较 少。所以，研究此方面的相关理论、支护设计方法对指导充填开采沿空留巷设计及推广 具有重要意义。 论文从分析充填开采沿空留巷与传统沿空留巷的异同点入手，采用理论分析、数值 模拟、工业试验等研究方法，以支护思路合理、可量化计算支护参数、巷道支护安全经 济、支护工艺简单为研究主题，系统研究了如下内容 1在分析密实充填开采情况下采场覆岩变形特征的基础上， 建立了以采空区充填体 为地基， 直接顶和基本顶组成的 “叠合梁” 为梁结构的弹性地基梁模型， 分析求得了 “叠 合梁”的挠度和弯矩方程。 2在充填开采沿空留巷弹性地基梁结构模型的基础上， 提出了充填开采沿空巷道支 护总体思想，并根据其给出了巷旁支护计算模型。根据强度耦合原理给出了巷内加强锚 索支护计算公式。 3应用前述弹性地基梁结构模型的相关结论并结合巷旁支护计算模型， 对榆阳煤矿 充填开采沿空巷道巷旁支护参数进行了计算； 利用巷内加强锚索支护计算公式对巷内支 护参数进行了计算。研究了柔模似膏体充填开采沿空留巷的施工工艺。 4论文遵循“整体-局部相关联”的分析原则，对沿空巷道“大、小结构”的围岩 应力及其垂直应力、垂直位移、塑性区参数分别做了理论和数值模拟分析。通过矿压监 测，结果表明沿空巷道支护效果良好。 关 键 词充填开采；沿空留巷；结构模型；巷道支护；稳定性分析；数值模拟 研究类型应用研究 万方数据 万方数据 Subject Application Research of Gob-side Retaining Entry in Flexible work Paste-like Backfill Coalface Specialty Bridge and Tunnel Engineering Name Wei Zhao Signature Instructor Wang Xiao-li Signature ABSTRACT In recent years, with the development of the technology for the filling mining and gob-side retaining entry, implement fully-backfilling on mechanized working coalface, at the same time support the roadway by enhancing the strength of filling structure beside the roadway and roadway reinforcing support, it means the technology of filling mining and gob-side retaining entry was applied in fully mechanized working face, the technology of gob-side retaining entry comes ture in backfilling coalface. The technology of gob-side retaining entry on backfilling coalface is one of major innovations in coal mining field and shows its enormously technical, economic and social benefits. The paper summarize the research status of domestic gob-side retaining entry in backfilling coalface, the results show that the research achievement of the roadway support design is few. Therefore, the research of the roadway support design and relevant theory is significant for the roadway design and the technology popularization. Starting from the analysis differences of the technology of gob-side on fully-backfilling coalface and tradition gob-side retaining entry, the paper adopts the following research stheory analysis、numerical simulation, industrial experiment. The studing theme of the paper are reasonable supporting thought，quantifiablly calculating supporting parameters， the safe and economic roadway support and simple supporting process. The paper studys systematically the following contents 1Based on the analysis of overlying strata deation characteristics of fully-backfill mining, the paper establishes elastic foundation beam model, the beam is superposition beam and composes of immediate roof and main roof, stope filling body acts foundation, the paper obtains deflection and bending moment equations of superposition beam. 2Based on the elastic foundation beam model of gob-side retaining entry in backfilling 万方数据 coalface, the paper proposes supporting thought of gob-side retaining entry in backfilling coalface and gives roadside support calculating model. Based on the strength coupling principle, the paper gives roadway anchor reinforcing support calculating ula. 3The paper design supporting parameters of Yuyang Mine gob-side retaining entry in backfilling coalface, using the aforementioned relevant conclusion of elastic foundation beam model and roadside support calculating model、roadway anchor reinforcing support calculating ula. The paper studys construction process of gob-side retaining entry in flexible work paste-like backfill coalface. 4Following the analysis of the “whole-local associated“ principle, the paper analyzes surrounding rock stress and the parameter of vertical stress、vertical displacement、plastic zone from the perspective of theory and numerical simulation aimmed at the gob-side retaining entry“big and small“ structure. By the monitoring of the mine pressure, the results show that the supporting of roadway effect is good. Keywords Backfill mining; Gob-side retaining entry; Structure mechanics model; Roadway supportting; Stability analysis; Numerical simulation Thesis Applied Research 万方数据 目录 I 目 录 1 绪论 ......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 充填开采沿空留巷技术 ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 煤矿充填开采 ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1.2 无煤柱沿空留巷 ............................................................................................................................ 3 1.1.3 充填开采沿空留巷技术 .............................................................................................................. 5 1.2 充填开采沿空留巷与传统沿空留巷异同点分析 ...................................................................... 5 1.3 国内外研究现状及选题意义 ............................................................................................................ 8 1.3.1 国内外研究现状 ............................................................................................................................ 8 1.3.2 选题意义 ........................................................................................................................................... 8 1.4 论文研究内容与技术路线 ................................................................................................................. 9 1.4.1 研究内容 ........................................................................................................................................... 9 1.4.2 技术路线 ......................................................................................................................................... 10 2 充填开采采场结构力学模型研究 ....................................................................................... 11 2.1 充填开采采场围岩变形特征分析 ................................................................................................. 11 2.1.1 传统开采采场覆岩变形特征 ................................................................................................... 11 2.1.2 充填开采采场覆岩变形特征 ................................................................................................... 12 2.2 充填开采采场结构力学模型的建立及求解 .............................................................................. 13 2.2.1 弹性地基梁理论 .......................................................................................................................... 14 2.2.2 柔模似膏体充填开采覆岩弹性地基梁模型的建立 ........................................................ 15 2.2.3 模型分析及求解 .......................................................................................................................... 15 2.2.4 合理梁宽的确定 .......................................................................................................................... 17 2.3 模型合理性验证 .................................................................................................................................. 18 2.3.1 模型合理性验证 .......................................................................................................................... 18 2.3.2 实例分析 ......................................................................................................................................... 19 2.4 本章小结 ................................................................................................................................................ 19 3 充填开采沿空留巷支护设计 ............................................................................................... 20 3.1 支护指导思想 ....................................................................................................................................... 20 3.2 巷旁支护设计研究 ............................................................................................................................. 22 3.2.1 巷旁支护计算模型 ...................................................................................................................... 22 3.2.2 支护计算步骤 ............................................................................................................................... 22 万方数据 目录 II 3.3 巷内支护设计 ....................................................................................................................................... 23 3.3.1 巷内支护设计思路 ...................................................................................................................... 23 3.3.2 加强锚索参数确定 ...................................................................................................................... 24 3.4 本章小结 ................................................................................................................................................ 25 4 工业试验 ............................................................................................................................... 26 4.1 工程概述 ................................................................................................................................................ 26 4.1.1 榆阳煤矿充填开采背景 ............................................................................................................ 26 4.1.2 工程地质条件 ............................................................................................................................... 26 4.1.3 巷道原支护 .................................................................................................................................... 27 4.1.4 似膏体充填料浆特点及采场脱水 ......................................................................................... 27 4.2 沿空留巷支护参数 ............................................................................................................................. 29 4.2.1 巷旁支护 ......................................................................................................................................... 29 4.2.2 巷内支护 ......................................................................................................................................... 29 4.3 施工工艺及流程 .................................................................................................................................. 31 4.3.1 柔模充填开采技术原理 ............................................................................................................ 31 4.3.2 柔模充填开采采煤工艺 ............................................................................................................ 32 4.3.3 柔模充填开采沿空留巷方案 ................................................................................................... 35 4.3.4 沿空留巷施工工序 ...................................................................................................................... 35 4.3.5 沿空巷道施工安全技术措施 ................................................................................................... 37 4.4 矿压监测方案 ....................................................................................................................................... 38 4.4.1 监测内容及仪器 .......................................................................................................................... 38 4.4.2 监测方案 ......................................................................................................................................... 38 4.5 应用效益分析 ....................................................................................................................................... 40 4.5.1 经济效益 ......................................................................................................................................... 40 4.5.2 社会效益 ......................................................................................................................................... 40 4.6 本章小结 ................................................................................................................................................ 41 5 充填开采沿空留巷稳定性分析 ........................................................................................... 42 5.1 围岩应力分析 ....................................................................................................................................... 42 5.1.1 充填体的综合作用机理 ............................................................................................................ 42 5.1.2 沿空巷道的“大、小结构” ................................................................................................... 43 5.2 数值模拟分析 ....................................................................................................................................... 46 5.2.1 数值模拟软件简介 ...................................................................................................................... 46 5.2.2 数值模拟方案 ............................................................................................................................... 46 万方数据 目录 III 5.2.3 计算结果及结论 .......................................................................................................................... 48 5.3 矿压监测结果分析 ............................................................................................................................. 56 5.3.1 监测结果 ......................................................................................................................................... 56 5.3.2 实际支护效果 ............................................................................................................................... 58 5.4 本章小结 ................................................................................................................................................ 58 6 结论与展望 ........................................................................................................................... 60 6.1 主要研究结论 ................................................................................................................ 60 6.2 研究展望 ........................................................................................................................ 60 致 谢 ...................................................................................................................