告成矿滑动构造影响下三软煤巷支护技术研究.pdf

硕士学位论文 告成矿滑动构造影响下三软煤巷支护 技术研究 Study on the Support Technology of Roadway Effected by Sliding Geological Structure in Three-soft Coa1 Seam of Gaocheng Coal Mine 作者时吉贺 导师谢文兵 教授 中国矿业大学 二○一四年五月 万方数据 中图分类号TD353学校代码10290 UDC622密级公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 告成矿滑动构造影响下三软煤巷支护技术研究 Study on the Support Technology of Roadway Effected by Sliding Geological Structure in Three-soft Coa1 Seam of Gaocheng Coal Mine 作者时吉贺导师 谢文兵教授 申请学位工学硕士培养单位矿业工程学院 学科专业采矿工程研究方向矿山压力及其控制 答辩委员会主席 马立强 教授评 阅 人张益东、邹 军 二○一四年五月 万方数据 81 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 Declaration of Thesis Originality 本人郑重声明所呈交的学位论文告成矿滑动构造影响下三软煤巷支护技 术研究 ，是本人在导师指导下，在中国矿业大学攻读学位期间进行的研究工作 所取得的成果。据我所知，除文中已经标明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其 他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。 对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集 体， 均已在文中以明确方式标明。 本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。 学位论文作者签名 年月日 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、 使用学位论文的规定， 同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权， 即 ①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的， 学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、 图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名导师签名 年月日年月日 万方数据 论文审阅认定书论文审阅认定书 研究生 时吉贺 在规定的学习年限内， 按照研究生培养方案的要 求，完成了研究生课程的学习，成绩合格；在我的指导下完成本学位 论文,经审阅，论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同，论文 撰写格式符合学校的相关规定， 同意将本论文作为学位申请论文送专 家评审。 导师签字 年月日 万方数据 致 谢致 谢 时光飞逝，三年的研究生生涯中我学到了许多，领悟了许多，结识了许多良 师益友。在论文即将成稿之际，对关心和帮助过我的所有人表示真诚的感谢。 首先， 感谢我的导师谢文兵教授， 在学习和生活中都给予了学生悉心的帮助。 从论文的选题到撰写， 再到综合能力的培养， 无不凝结着导师大量的心血和汗水。 导师深厚的专业功底、 严谨的治学态度、 孜孜不倦的工作精神都深深地感染着我， 对我今后的学习、工作都有着积极深远的影响。在此，再次向谢老师致以由衷的 感谢和诚挚的敬意 同时， 感谢讲师荆升国在我三年研究生学习过程中的言传身教， 他博学而谦 诚的品质是我学习的第一课。 在论文写作过程中， 荆升国讲师对理论分析和数值 模拟提供了重要的指导意见。 感谢娄培杰博士、王其洲博士、曹明、丁国峰、臧龙、钟耀华、刘家启、 安 宇、陈杰、李亚运、李鉴、申金帅、范洪飞、郑建彬、宋理勇、谢涛峰、张剑、 陈振亚、刘晨晨、朱琦、赵金帅等硕士提供了许多宝贵的建议和帮助，在此向你 们表示深深的感谢。 感谢给予我在现场研究和学习生活中提供大量帮助和宝贵建议的领导和工 程技术人员。特别是裴沟煤矿矿长郭宏强、科长王红建、科长赵书兵、技术员许 多兵、郑书建、李晓辉、于荣光等。告成煤矿韩荣军矿长、钟训红总工、孙志伟 科长、技术员于少辉、孟凯、秦鹏辉等，在此向你们表示衷心的感谢。 感谢矿业工程学院各位老师三年来对作者无微不至的关怀和指导， 他们博学 而谦诚的品质是我学习的第一课，对于老师们的无私帮助表示崇高的敬意 感谢我的家人对我的大力支持和爱护， 是他们的包容、 信任和无私的爱鼓舞 着我在人生的道路上不断向前，让我在任何时候都不轻言放弃 感谢张妨女士以及挚友戴可、戴沛铜、王钦、张莽、杨梅等，有了他们的关 心与陪伴，使我的研究生生活更加丰富多彩。 最后， 衷心感谢评审论文的各位专家和老师， 感谢所有曾经给予我无私帮助 的人们，并祝好人一生平安 此致 时吉贺 2014．5 万方数据 万方数据 I 摘要摘要 针对滑动构造影响下三软煤巷支护技术难题， 本文选取告成煤矿 21051 运输 巷作为研究对象，采用理论分析、数值模拟、现场实测等研究手段，分析该类巷 道采用 U 型钢棚支护失稳原因， 提出棚-杆-索协同支护技术控制该类巷道围岩强 烈变形，并进行了现场工业性试验，同时根据现场实测数据分析了棚-杆-索协同 支护实际承载效果。 首先， 对告成矿三软煤层地质构造条件作了概述， 分析了滑动构造对三软煤 巷围岩稳定性的影响， 根据告成矿 21051 运输巷地质条件和支护条件建立数值模 拟模型，研究了三软煤巷采用 U 型钢棚支护围岩变形规律和支护承载体失稳规 律，得出虽然 U 型钢棚具有较好的护表能力，但是仅采用 U 型钢棚这种单一的 支护形式难以形成承载能力较高的承载结构控制滑动构造影响下三软煤巷强烈 持续的大变形。 其次，在对原有支护失稳规律分析的基础上提出了棚-杆-索协同支护技术， 通过理论分析和数值模拟研究了棚-杆-索协同支护对三软煤巷围岩控制机理，研 究表明，预应力锚索能够大大提高巷道围岩稳定性和 U 型钢支架的承载能力， 在此基础上进行锚杆加强支护能够进一步改善围岩物理力学状态， 提高围岩自承 载能力，锚杆在强化围岩的同时可以在巷道浅部形成压缩拱改善 U 型钢支架受 力，使得支架受力更加均匀合理；随着动压影响下围岩强烈变形，锚杆对围岩的 强化作用被削弱，棚-索协同支护形成的支护承载体对围岩变形控制起到主要作 用，锚杆仅仅作为补强支护防止高应力作用下三软煤巷浅部破碎围岩的强烈流 变。 最后， 进行了现场工业性试验， 跟踪观测了滑动构造影响下三软煤巷采用棚 -杆-索协同支护围岩活动规律及棚-杆-索协同支护承载规律。 本论文研究成果表明采用棚-杆-索协同支护后，巷道顶底板移近量为 470mm，两帮移近量为 265mm，围岩变形得到很好的控制，本论文研究成果对 类似条件下巷道支护方式的选择具有重要的指导意义。 该论文有图 88 幅，表 3 个，参考文献 75 篇。 关键词关键词三软煤层；滑动构造；棚-杆-索协同；结构强化； 万方数据 II Abstract For the support technical problem of roadway effected geological structure in three-soft coa1 seam,the paper selects Gaocheng coal mine 21051 roadway as research object and detailed studies surrounding rock stability of roadway under this geological condition.Meanwhile the paper chooses theoretical analysis and numerical simulation as research . It detailed studies the failure regularity and failure characteristics of U-shape steel frame support under this condition. And then the paper summarizes U-shape steel frame-bolt-anchor cable cooperation support technology and carries out the field test. At last it makes analysis on the field data then obtain the practical load bearing capacity and structure stability of U-shape steel frame-bolt-anchor cable cooperation support by field measurement. Firstly,it summarizes the geologic structure condition of three-soft coa1 seam in Gaocheng coal mine and the failure characteristics of roadway used U-shape steel frame support under this condition.Based on the geological condition and the support condition of roadway of 21051 working face,it establish numerical simulation model， then studies surrounding rock deation regularity and support bodywork structure deation regularity when it supported by U-shape steel frame for roadway effected geological structure in three-soft coa1 seam during roadway driving and working face mining,educed although U-shape steel frame has doughty surface protection adapting rock creeping in three-soft coa1 seam,but it is unapproachable ing the high stability of supporting structure only by U-shape steel frame support to control the rock severe deation in three-soft coa1 seam. Secondly,based on the failure regularity and failure characteristics of U-shape steel frame support,it put forward U-shape steel frame-bolt-anchor cable cooperation support.It studied on controlling mechanism of roadway with U-shape steel frame-bolt-anchor cable cooperation support in three-soft coa1 seam by theory analysis and numerical simulation.The result of research suggests that it can largely improve the stability of surrounding rock and load bearing capacity of U-shape steel frame through prestressed cable,and anchor can further improve rock physical status and mechanical state to increase self-bearing capacity of rock,what’s more,pressure arch ed by bolt support improved the loading state of U-shape steel frame during roadway driving.During working face mining,with the rock severe deation under high pressure,the surrounding rock control of bolt decreased,supporting structure of U-shape steel frame-anchor cable plays an important role,bolt just as supplement 万方数据 III support to control rock deation. Finally, it progressed industrial test,then tracking measurement the surrounding rock activity of roadway and the law of supporting structure of roadway, by analyzing data,it reduces that the supporting structure of U-shape steel frame-bolt-anchor cable cooperation support can control rock deation of roadway effected geological structure in three-soft coa1 seam of Gaocheng coal mine. The result of the paper suggests that the roof and floor convergence of the gate-way was 470 mm in total and the convergence of the two side walls was 265 mm in total with U-shape steel frame-bolt-anchor cable cooperation support，it get good control effect,and it has guiding significance for roadway under the similar geological condition. There are 88 Figs,3 tables and 75 references. Keywords roadway in three-soft coa1 seam;sliding geological structure; U-shape steel frame-bolt-anchor cable cooperation ; structure compensation; 万方数据 IV 目录目录 摘要摘要............................................................................................................................I 目录目录......................................................................................................................... IV 图清单图清单......................................................................................................................VIII 表清单表清单...................................................................................................................... XIV 1 绪论绪论............................................................................................................................1 1.1 问题的提出及选题意义..........................................................................................1 1.2 国内外研究现状.....................................................................................................1 1.3 主要研究目标、内容与方法.................................................................................4 2 工程概况工程概况.....................................................................................................................6 2.1 告成矿三软煤层地质构造条件概述......................................................................6 2.2 三软煤巷围岩松动圈实测.....................................................................................8 2.3 三软煤巷工程概况...............................................................................................13 2.4 本章小结................................................................................................................14 3 三软煤巷原有支护失稳原因分析三软煤巷原有支护失稳原因分析...........................................................................15 3.1 原支护巷道变形破坏特征....................................................................................15 3.2 三软煤巷原有支护失稳原因分析.......................................................................16 3.3 本章小结...............................................................................................................29 4 三软煤巷围岩控制技术研究三软煤巷围岩控制技术研究...................................................................................31 4.1 棚-杆-索协同支护围岩控制方法.........................................................................32 4.2 掘巷期间围岩控制机理分析................................................................................33 4.3 回采期间围岩控制机理分析................................................................................41 4.4 本章小结...............................................................................................................47 5 现场工业试验现场工业试验...........................................................................................................48 5.1 支护技术核心.......................................................................................................48 5.2 棚-杆-索协同支护技术方案................................................................................48 5.3 施工工艺................................................................................................................49 5.4 滑动构造影响下棚-杆-索协同支护承载作用分析.............................................50 5.5 支护效果分析........................................................................................................72 万方数据 V 5.6 本章小结................................................................................................................72 6 结论结论...........................................................................................................................73 参考文献参考文献......................................................................................................................76 作者简介作者简介......................................................................................................................80 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明..................................................................................................81 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集..........................................................................................................82 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract........................................................................................................................II Contents......................................................................................................................VI List of Figures......................................................................................................... VIII List of Tables............................................................................................................XIV 1 Introduction...............................................................................................................1 1.1Introduction of the Problem and Research Meaning.................................................1 1.2Research Status at Home andAbroad.......................................................................1 1.3Study Target,Content and Technology Routes of Paper............................................4 2 Project overview........................................................................................................6 2.1Geologic Structure Condition of Three-soft Coa1 Seam in Gaocheng Coal Mine...6 2.2 The Basic Ination of the Roadway Surrounding Rock in Three-soft Coa1 Seam...............................................................................................................................8 2.3 The Deation and Failure Characteristics of the Original Supporting.............13 2.4 Brief Summary.......................................................................................................14 3Analysis on Failure Reason of Roadway Effected Geological Structure in Three-soft Coa1 Seam................................................................................................15 3.1 The Deation and Failure Characteristics of the Original Supporting.............15 3.2Analysis on Failure Reason of Roadway with the Original Supporting................ 16 3.3 Brief Summary.......................................................................................................29 4 Study on Supporting Technology ofRoadway in Three-soft Coa1 Seam........... 31 4.1Surrounding Rock Control of Three-soft Coa1 Seam Roadway............... 32 4.2Analysis on Surrounding Rock Control Mechanism duringRoadway Driving.......33 4.3Analysis on Surrounding Rock Control Mechanism Influenced by Dynamic Pressure........................................................................................................................41 4.4 Brief Summary.......................................................................................................47 5 Industrial Test..........................................................................................................48 5.1Idea of the Support Technology.............................................................................. 48 5.2 U-shape Steel Frame-bolt-anchor CableCooperation Support Program................48 5.3 Construction Process..............................................................................................49 万方数据 VII 5.4 The U-shape Steel Frame-bolt-anchor Cable Cooperation Support Bearing Effected Sliding Geological Structure..........................................................................50 5.5Analysis of the Supporting Effect.......................................................................... 72 5.6 Brief Summary.......................................................................................................72 6 Conclusions..............................................................................................................74 References...................................................................................................................76 Author Resume...........................................................................................................79 Declaration of Thesis Originality..............................................................................81 Thesis Date Collection................................................................................................82 万方数据 VIII 图清单图清单 List of Figures 图序号图名称页码 图 1-1研究路线图5 Fig 1-1Research route map5 图 2-1登封煤田构造纲要图7 Fig 2-1Structure outline map of Demgfeng coal field7 图 2-2告成矿滑动构造剖面图7 Fig 2-2Sliding structural section map of Gaocheng coal mine7 图 2-3综合柱状图8 Fig2-3Stratum integrated histogram8 图 2-4告成煤矿构造纲要图