煤矿沿空动压巷道安全支护技术研究及应用.pdf

分类号分类号 TD32 密密 级级公公 开开 U D C 单位代码单位代码10424 工程硕士学位论文工程硕士学位论文 煤矿煤矿沿空动压巷道安全支护技术研究及沿空动压巷道安全支护技术研究及 应用应用 申请学位级别申请学位级别工程硕士工程硕士 专业专业名名称称安全工程安全工程 指导教师姓名指导教师姓名 文志杰文志杰 职职 称称 副教授副教授 山山 东东 科科 技技 大大 学学 二零一七年十一月二零一七年十一月 万方数据 Created by free version of DocuFreezer 论文题目论文题目 煤矿煤矿沿空动压巷道安全支护技术研究及应用沿空动压巷道安全支护技术研究及应用 作者姓名作者姓名 李李 可可 可可 入学时间入学时间 2015 年年 4 月月 专业名称专业名称 安全工程安全工程 研究方向研究方向矿山灾害预测及防治矿山灾害预测及防治 指导教师指导教师 文志杰文志杰 职职 称称 副教授副教授 论文提交日期论文提交日期 2017 年年 11 月月 论文答辩日期论文答辩日期 2017 年年 11 月月 授予学位日期授予学位日期 万方数据 Created by free version of DocuFreezer RESEARCH AND APPLICATION OF SAFETY SUPPORT TECHNOLOGY FOR ROADWAY ALONG GOALF A Dissertation ted in fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of MASTER OF ENGINEERING from Shandong University of Science and Technology by Li Keke Supervisor Wen Zhijie College of Mining and Safety Engineering November 2017 万方数据 Created by free version of DocuFreezer 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文，除所列参考文献和世所公本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文，除所列参考文献和世所公 认的文献外，全部是本人攻读学位期间在导师指导下的研究成果。除文中已经认的文献外，全部是本人攻读学位期间在导师指导下的研究成果。除文中已经 标明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研标明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研 究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。 本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。 若有不实之处，本人愿意承担相关法律责任。若有不实之处，本人愿意承担相关法律责任。 硕士生签名硕士生签名 日日 期期 万方数据 Created by free version of DocuFreezer 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解山东科技大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所本人完全了解山东科技大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所 撰写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理。撰写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理。 作为申请学位的条件之一，作为申请学位的条件之一，学校有权保留学位论文并向国家有关部门或其学校有权保留学位论文并向国家有关部门或其 指定机构送交论文的电子版和纸质版；有权将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入指定机构送交论文的电子版和纸质版；有权将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入 有关数据库发表，并可以以电子、网络及其他数字媒体形式公开出版；允许学有关数据库发表，并可以以电子、网络及其他数字媒体形式公开出版；允许学 校档案馆和图书馆保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫校档案馆和图书馆保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫 描等复描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；为教学和科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆制手段保存和汇编学位论文；为教学和科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆 可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内 师生阅读、浏览。师生阅读、浏览。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权）（保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权） 硕士生签名硕士生签名 导师签名导师签名 日日 期期 日日 期期 万方数据 Created by free version of DocuFreezer 学位论文审查认定书学位论文审查认定书 研究生研究生 在规定的学习年限内， 按照培养方案及个人培养计划，在规定的学习年限内， 按照培养方案及个人培养计划， 完成了课程学习，成绩合格，修满规定学分；在我的完成了课程学习，成绩合格，修满规定学分；在我的指导下完成本学位论文，指导下完成本学位论文， 论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同，论文撰写格式符合学校的相关论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同，论文撰写格式符合学校的相关 规定，同意将本论文作为申请学位论文。规定，同意将本论文作为申请学位论文。 导师签名导师签名 日日 期期 万方数据 Created by free version of DocuFreezer 山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文 摘要 III 摘摘 要要 针对动压小煤柱沿空掘巷围岩控制的难题，本文以付村煤矿 3 下 412 动压巷道为研 究对象，采用了理论分析、数值模拟和现场观测等方法，分析了沿空巷道围岩的应力分 布特征，指出由于工作面侧向支承压力和超前支承压力的叠加影响，造成巷道围岩应力 分布不均匀，进而提出了锚网索非对称支护方案。通过现场观测表明，该支护方案有效 解决了动压沿空掘巷围岩控制的难题。 首先，运用关键块理论分析了沿空巷道顶板岩层运动规律，指出掘进后，沿空巷 道上覆的关键块结构产生回转下沉现象， 此时关键块向承载体煤柱施加垂直向下的压力， 关键块下部采空区中的矸石和沿空帮煤柱充分发挥支承作用，形成平衡稳定的三角弧形 拱结构，能够控制沿空巷道的围岩稳定，所以，动压小煤柱沿空掘巷围岩控制具有理论 上的可行性。 然后，通过数值模拟对沿空巷道掘进后无支护及支护后的巷道变形特征进行研究， 分析了巷道围岩的应力分布规律和不同位置的围岩变形量，分析表明巷道围岩应力和 变形不均匀，沿空帮的应力和变形量均明显大于实体煤帮。根据巷道围岩的应力和变形 规律，提出了锚网索非对称支护设计方法，通过多组参数模拟确定了最佳锚杆预应力、 锚杆长度和支护密度，从而形成了锚网索非对称支护设计方案。 最后， 将锚网索非对称支护设计方案应用于付村煤矿 3 下 412 动压巷道的围岩控制， 通过现场锚杆索受力和围岩变形量监测评价了该锚网索非对称支护设计方案的合理性， 结果表明该支护设计方案能够平衡动压沿空巷道围岩应力和变形分布的不对称性，使 支护结构和巷道围岩共同形成稳定的承载结构，将巷道围岩的整体变形控制在合理的范 围内。通过观测表明该锚网索非对称支护设计方案能够满足动压小煤柱沿空掘巷围岩控 制的要求，有效解决了动压小煤柱沿空掘巷围岩控制的难题，具有相似条件下动压沿空 巷道围岩控制的可推广性。 关键词关键词沿空掘巷；动压；小煤柱；锚网索非对称支护；支护设计 万方数据 Created by free version of DocuFreezer 山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文 摘要 IV Abstract Aiming at the problem of surrounding rock control in roadway driving along pressure roadway with small pillar of pillars, the paper takes the 412 subgrade pressure roadway of Fucun Coal Mine as the research object. The stress distribution characteristics of surrounding rock of gob-side entry are analyzed. It is pointed out that the reason of uneven stress distribution in surrounding rock of gob-side entry is the superposition effect of lateral support pressure and advance support pressure. Then the unsymmetrical support scheme of anchor net is put forward. The field observation shows that this support scheme effectively solves the problem of surrounding rock control in gob-side entry driving influenced by dynamic pressure . Firstly, the key block theory was used to analyze the law of movement of gob roof along gob roadway. It is pointed out that after driving, the key block structure of gob-side entry roadway has the phenomenon of swirling and sinking. At this moment, the key block rts the vertical downward pressure to the coal pillar of the bearing body. The waste rock and gob- Pillar to give full play to the role of support to a balanced and stable triangular arc arch structure. It can control the stability of surrounding rock along the roadway along the goaf. Therefore, the dynamic pressure pillars roadway driving around gob-walled control has theoretical feasibility. Then, the deation characteristics of the roadway after the roadway driving along the roadway without support and support are studied by numerical simulation. The stress distribution law and the deation of surrounding rock at different positions are analyzed. The analysis shows that the stress and deation of surrounding rock of roadway are not uni. The stress and deation of gob side wall are obviously larger than that of solid coal. According to the stress and deation law of surrounding rock, the design of asymmetric support of anchor mesh cable is proposed. The optimum bolt prestress, bolt length and supporting density were determined through multiple sets of parameter simulation, thus ing the asymmetric support design of anchor net. Finally, the design scheme of asymmetric support of anchor mesh cable is applied to the 万方数据 Created by free version of DocuFreezer 山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文 摘要 V surrounding rock control of 412 under-pressure roadway in Fucun Mine. The rationality of the unsymmetrical support design of the anchor net was uated by monitoring the stress of the anchor cable and the deation of the surrounding rock. The results show that the design scheme can balance the asymmetry of surrounding rock stress and deation of gob-side entry, so that the supporting structure and surrounding rock together a stable bearing structure, and the overall deation of surrounding rock is controlled at reasonable range. The observational observation shows that the design scheme of asymmetric support of anchor mesh cable can meet the requirements of surrounding rock control in gob-side entry driving influenced by dynamic pressure. It effectively solves the problem of surrounding rock control along goaf with moving pillars. It can be widely applied in surrounding rock control of gob-side entry driving influenced by dynamic pressure. Keywords gob side entry driving; dynamic pressure; small coal pillar; asymmetric support of anchor mesh cable; support design 万方数据 Created by free version of DocuFreezer 山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文 目录 V 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ................................................................................................................... III 目目 录录 ................................................................................................................... V 1 绪绪 论论 ................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 ........................................................................................................ 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ........................................................................................................ 2 1.3 主要研究内容 ............................................................................................................ 5 1.4 技术路线 .................................................................................................................... 5 2 工程概况工程概况 .......................................................................................................... 7 2.1 地质概况 ...................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 水文地质情况 .............................................................................................................. 9 3 采场上覆岩层运动规律及采场上覆岩层运动规律及力学模型力学模型 ............................................................ 10 3.1 采空区上覆岩层破坏特征 ...................................................................................... 10 3.2 采空区上部顶板力学模型 ...................................................................................... 12 3.3 沿空巷道围岩变形破坏分析 .................................................................................. 17 3.4 沿空掘巷合理煤柱的选择 ...................................................................................... 18 3.5 本章小结 .................................................................................................................. 20 4 3 下下 412 工作面回采巷道支护方案数值模拟研究工作面回采巷道支护方案数值模拟研究 ..................................... 21 4.1 ANSYS 数值分析软件简介 .................................................................................... 21 4.2 工作面回采巷道数值模拟模型 .............................................................................. 21 4.3 工作面沿空掘巷空区应力区分布模拟 .................................................................. 22 4.4 沿空掘巷支护数值模拟 .......................................................................................... 27 4.5 巷道不同位置强化支护效果对比模拟 .................................................................. 29 4.6 本章小结 .................................................................................................................. 35 5 沿空掘巷沿空掘巷回采巷道支护回采巷道支护术工程术工程应用应用 ............................................................ 36 5.1 巷道支护设计原则 .................................................................................................. 36 万方数据 Created by free version of DocuFreezer 山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文 目录 VI 5.2 锚杆支护参数分析 .................................................................................................. 38 5.3 支护方案设计 .......................................................................................................... 44 5.4 支护方案施工工艺 .................................................................................................. 46 5.5 矿压观测内容和方法 .............................................................................................. 46 5.6 运输巷矿压监测分析 .............................................................................................. 47 5.7 本章小结 .................................................................................................................. 53 6 结论及展望结论及展望 .................................................................................................... 54 6.1 主要结论 .................................................................................................................. 54 6.2 论文展望 .................................................................................................................. 55 致致 谢谢 .................................................................................................................... 56 参考文献参考文献 .............................................................................................................. 57 万方数据 Created by free version of DocuFreezer 山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文 目录 VII Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................... III Contents ................................................................................................................ V 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Research Background and Significance ..................................................................... 1 1.2 Domestic and Foreign Rearch Present Situation and Existing Problems ................... 3 1.3 The Main Research Contents ..................................................................................... 5 1.4 Research Technology Route ....................................................................................... 6 2 Engineering Situation ..................................................................................... 7 2.1 Geology ...................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 Hydrogeology ............................................................................................................. 8 3 The Motion Law and Mechanical Model of Overlying Strata in The Mining Field ........................................................................................................ 10 3.1 The Failure Characteristics of Overlying Strata in Goaf .......................................... 10 3.2 Mechanical Model of the roof in Goaf ..................................................................... 12 3.3 Analysis of Deation and Failure of Surrounding Rock Along The Hollow Roadway ............................................................................................................................ 17 3.4 Numerical Simulation of The Support of Hollow Excavation ................................. 19 3.5 The Summary of This Chapter ................................................................................. 21 4 Study on Numerical Simulation of Roadway Support In Coal Mining Face of 412...........................................................................................................22 4.1 A Brief Introduction to Numerical Analysis Software ANSYS ............................. 22 4.2 Numerical Simulation Model of Working Face Stope ............................................. 22 4.3 The Working Face Simulated With The Stress Zone Distribution in The Hollow Area ................................................................................................................................... 23 4.4 Numerical Simulation of The Support in Hollow Excavation ................................. 29 万方数据 Created by free version of DocuFreezer 山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文 目录 VIII 4.5 Contrast Supporting Simulation of Reinforcement Effect in Different Location of Roadway ............................................................................................................................ 31 4.6 The Summary of This Chapter ................................................................................. 38 5 The Engineering Application o