端氏煤矿大巷失稳机理及控制技术研究.pdf

江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目PAPD 工程硕士学位论文 端氏煤矿大巷失稳机理及控制技术研究 Study on Instability Mechanism and Control Technology of Main Roadway in Duanshi Coal Mine 作 者李鹏 导 师徐营 副教授 中国矿业大学 二 O 一九年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰写的学 位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一，学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位论文的 部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版，可以使 用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和科研目的，学校档案 馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校 内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 TD353 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 端氏煤矿大巷失稳机理及控制技术研究 Study on Instability Mechanism and Control Technology of Main Roadway in Duanshi Coal Mine 作 者 李鹏 导 师 徐营 申请学位 工程硕士专业学位 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 矿业工程 研究方向 岩体力学与岩层控制 答辩委员会主席 曹安业 评 阅 人 盲评 二○一九年五月 万方数据 致谢致谢 光阴荏苒，三年研究生的学习生涯即将结束，在这段紧张又充实的日子里， 我收获满满，在获得知识的同时也学会了如何处理特定问题的方法论，在与同学 们共同奋进的同时也收获了我们之间深厚的友谊，处于即将离别之际，每每回想 这段时光总是感触良多 本论文从选题、 收集资料到写作阶段， 徐营老师都倾注了极大的关怀和鼓励， 在这期间他定期与我沟通交流， 总是在百忙之中抽出时间对我的论文进行认真的 批改，以确保本论文顺利完成。研究生期间，徐营老师充分展现了为人师表该尽 事宜，在个人人品、处事方式、学习方法及科研态度等多个方面言传身教，身体 力行，在我的现实生活中亦或是学习研究中都树立了一个最好的榜样，这将是我 一生的珍贵财富。在此，对我的导师致以衷心的感谢和崇高的敬意。 同时本论文的完成过程中也受益于柏建彪老师、 王襄禹老师及闫帅老师的无 私的指导和课题组师兄弟们周谢康、孙峰等的大力支持和帮助，再此一并表示感 谢，祝愿他们在生活工作中幸福快乐，万事顺利 在读研期间，我的家人和朋友在各种事宜上都默默的支持着我，是他们的关 心和爱让我不畏路途遥远，永远充满动力 最后也感谢各位评审专家及教授能在百忙之中评审论文， 热切希望得到您的 指导。 李鹏 2019 年 5 月 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 端氏煤矿轨道大巷受邻近工作面采动影响，巷道破坏变形情况较为严重，影响煤矿 正常生产。本文以端氏煤矿轨道大巷为工程背景，采用现场实测、数值模拟和理论分析 等手段分析了轨道大巷失稳机理，对受动压影响巷道提出了加固技术，并针对轨道大巷 新掘段提出相应的围岩控制技术，取得的主要研究成果如下 （1）通过对巷道围岩弹塑性区的理论分析可知，其原有支护强度不足导致巷道围岩 破坏变形严重。通过数值模拟分析巷道围岩应力和变形情况，发现 3110 工作面末采时产 生的超前支承压力是导致巷道失稳的主要原因。 （2） 针对轨道大巷失稳段， 从改善巷道围岩应力状态和巷道围岩力学性能方面入手， 提出了一套完整的支护方案（拆除原支护→人工扩刷断面→注浆→锚杆支护→喷浆） 。通 过数值模拟比较不同锚杆支护方案支护效果，并考虑经济效益因素，确定了方案 2 为最 终支护方案。 现场观测实施该支护方案， 其围岩变形量如下 顶板下沉量控制在 65mm 以 内，底鼓量控制在 100mm 以内，巷道两帮移近量控制在 95mm 以内。观测结果表明该支 护方案能较好地加固失稳的轨道大巷。 （3）对于轨道大巷新掘段，提出了工作面末采让压技术，并分析了不同推进速度对 巷道围岩应力和巷道围岩变形影响，最终确定推进速度为 8m/d。通过对比分析巷道布置 在煤层顶板上方 5m 和煤层底板下方 5m 两种方案的围岩应力环境和围岩变形量， 可知将 巷道布置在底板下方 5m 的位置能让轨道大巷处于更优的围岩应力环境，更利于巷道围 岩控制。 （4） 根据穿层巷道每段的围岩条件和巷道变形量大小选择不同的有针对性的支护方 案，支护参数改变后，提高支护质量的同时降低了支护密度，锚杆数与锚索数分别降低 了 4.2和 50，减小了钻孔工作量。 该论文有图 55 幅，表 12 个，参考文献 69 篇。 关键词关键词动压巷道；超前支承压力；加固技术；应力环境 万方数据 II AbstractAbstract The track roadway of Duanshi Coal Mine is affected by the mining of adjacent working faces, and the deation and deation of the roadway is more serious, which affects the normal production of coal mines. Based on the engineering background of Duanshi coal mine track and alleys, this paper analyzes the instability mechanism of the track and alleys by means of on-site measurement, numerical simulation and theoretical analysis. It also proposes reinforcement technology for the roadway affected by dynamic pressure, and targets the new roadway. The section proposes the corresponding surrounding rock control technology, and the main research results obtained are as follows 1 Through the theoretical analysis of the elastoplastic zone of the surrounding rock of the roadway, it can be known that the original support strength is insufficient, resulting in serious deation and deation of the surrounding rock of the roadway. Through the numerical simulation to analyze the stress and deation of the surrounding rock of the roadway, it is found that the leading support pressure generated at the end of the 3110 working face is the main cause of the instability of the roadway. 2 Aiming at the instability section of the track and alleys, starting from the improvement of the surrounding rock stress state of the roadway and the surrounding rock mechanical properties, a complete support scheme is proposed removing the original support → artificially expanding the section → grouting → Bolt support → shotcrete. Through the numerical simulation to compare the support effect of different bolt support schemes, and considering the economic benefit factors, the scheme 2 is determined as the final support scheme. On-site observation and implementation of the support scheme, the deation of the surrounding rock is as follows the amount of roof subsidence is controlled within 65mm, the bottom drum volume is controlled within 100mm, and the distance between the two lanes of the roadway is controlled within 95mm. The observations show that the support scheme can better strengthen the unstable track and alley. 3 For the new excavation section of the track and alley, the mining pressure technology at the end of the working face is proposed, and the influence of different propulsion speeds on the surrounding rock stress of the roadway and the surrounding rock deation of the roadway is analyzed, and the advancing speed is finally determined to be 8m/d. By comparing and analyzing the surrounding rock stress environment and surrounding rock deation of the roadway with 5m above the coal roof and 5m below the coal roof, it can be seen that the roadway 万方数据 III is placed 5m below the roof to make the track and alleys better in the surrounding rock. The stress environment is more conducive to the surrounding rock control of the roadway. 4 According to the surrounding rock conditions of each section of the roadway and the deation of the roadway, different targeted support schemes are selected. After the support parameters are changed, the support quality is improved and the support density is reduced. The number of anchors and the number of anchors are reduced by 4.2 and 50, respectively, which reduces the drilling workload. The paper has 55 figures, 12tables and 69 references. Keywords Dynamic Pressure Roadway； Lead Abutment Pressure； Strengthening Techno- logy；Stress Environment 万方数据 IV 目录 摘摘 要要 ........................................................................................................................................... I 目录目录 ............................................................................................................................................ IV 图清单图清单 ...................................................................................................................................... VII 表清单表清单 ........................................................................................................................................ XI 变量注释表变量注释表 .............................................................................................................................. XII 1 绪论绪论 .......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 ................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 主要研究内容与技术路线 ................................................................................................... 6 2 轨道大巷变形段失稳机理研究轨道大巷变形段失稳机理研究.............................................................................................. 8 2.1 轨道大巷变形段的基本情况 ............................................................................................... 8 2.2 轨道大巷破坏情况及原因分析 ........................................................................................... 9 2.3 轨道大巷失稳机理分析 ..................................................................................................... 11 2.4 本章小结 ............................................................................................................................. 19 3 轨道大巷变形段加固技术研究轨道大巷变形段加固技术研究............................................................................................ 20 3.1 围岩稳定机理 ..................................................................................................................... 20 3.2 轨道大巷变形段加固技术 ................................................................................................. 22 3.3 加固技术应用效果分析 ..................................................................................................... 32 3.4 本章小结 ............................................................................................................................. 36 4 轨道大巷新掘围岩控制技术轨道大巷新掘围岩控制技术 ................................................................................................ 37 4.1 工作面末采让压技术 ......................................................................................................... 37 4.2 轨道大巷层位调整 ............................................................................................................. 44 4.3 新掘段支护方案 .................................................................................................................. 48 4.4 本章小结 ............................................................................................................................. 57 5 结论结论 ........................................................................................................................................ 58 参考文献参考文献 .................................................................................................................................... 59 作者简历作者简历 .................................................................................................................................... 63 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ................................................................................................................ 64 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ........................................................................................................................ 65 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... II Contents .................................................................................................................................... IV List of Figures ......................................................................................................................... VII List of Tables ............................................................................................................................ XI List of Variables ..................................................................................................................... XII 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background and Significance................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Research Status at Home and Abroad .................................................................................... 2 1.3 Main Research Content and Technological Route ................................................................. 6 2 Instability Mechanism in Haulage Roadway Deation Section .................................... 8 2.1 Basic Situation of the Haulage Roadway Deation Section .......................................... 8 2.2 Analysis of Deation and Theory in Haulage Roadway .................................................. 9 2.3 Simulation Analysis of Haulage Roadway Instability Mechanism ...................................... 11 2.4 Brief Summary ..................................................................................................................... 19 3 Haulage Roadway Strengthening Technology with Instable Slope .................................. 20 3.1 Surrounding Rock Stabilization Mechanism ....................................................................... 20 3.2 Haulage Roadway Reinforcement Technology with Instable Slope .................................... 22 3.3 Analysis of Application Effect of Reinforcement Technology............................................. 32 3.4 Brief Summary ..................................................................................................................... 36 4 Surrounding Rock Control Technology for New Excavation in the Haulage Roadway 37 4.1 Tunnel Technology at the End of Mining Face .................................................................. 37 4.2 Haulage Roadway Horizon Adjustment ............................................................................... 44 4.3 New Excavation Support Scheme ........................................................................................ 48 4.3 Brief Summary ..................................................................................................................... 57 5 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................ 58 References ................................................................................................................................. 59 Author’s Resume ...................................................................................................................... 63 Declaration of Thesis Originality ............................................................................................ 64 Thesis Data Collection ............................................................................................................. 65 万方数据 VII 图清单图清单 List of Figures 图序号 图名称 页码 图 1-1 轨道大巷破坏情况 1 Figure 1-1 Haulage roadway damage 1 图 1-2 注浆加固法分类 5 Figure 1-2 Grouting reinforcement classification 5 图 1-3 技术路线图 7 Figure 1-3 Technical roadmap 7 图 2-1 轨道大巷与周围巷道位置关系 8 Figure 2-1 Position relationship between haulage roadway and surrounding roadway 8 图 2-2 巷道层位图 8 Figure2-2 Roadway horizon map 8 图 2-3 大巷变形现状 9 Figure 2-3 Current situation of roadway deation 9 图 2-4 原支护方案 10 Figure 2-4 Original support plan 10 图 2-5 巷道围岩应力分布 11 Figure 2-5 Stress distribution of surrounding rock in roadway 11 图 2-6 巷道受力图 12 Figure 2-6 Roadway force diagram 12 图 2-7 工作面超前应力 13 Figure 2-7 Working face lead stress 13 图 2-8 位移变化规律 14 Figure 2-8 The variation rule of dispalcement 14 图 2-9 数值模型 15 Figure 2-9 Numerical Simulation 15 图 2-10 初始应力平衡图 16 Figure 2-10 Initial stress balance diagram 16 图 2-11 监测线布置图 16 Figure 2-11 Test line layout 16 图 2-12 采动前后围岩应力分布图 16 Figure 2-12 Stress distribution of surrounding rock before and after mining 16 图 2-13 巷道左帮围岩应力检测曲线 17 Figure 2-13 Surrounding rock stress detection curve of roadway left gang 17 图 2-14 巷道右帮围岩应力检测曲线 17 Figure 2-14 Surrounding rock stress detection curve of right side roadway 17 万方数据 VIII 图 2-15 采动前后围岩塑性区分布图 18 Figure 2-15 Distribution map of plastic zone of surrounding rock before and after mining 18 图 2-16 采动前后不同计算时步下帮部不同位置变形曲线图 18 Figure 2-16 Different position curve of roadway gang under different calculation time before and after